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02/ 真题分析范例: 英国文学与写作(英语类)

因内容丰富,无法一一列举,我们主要介绍的是真题分析部分。

你可以从左边的列表中选择感兴趣的科目查看其真题分析范例。


CASE1

文章选择题

【考试真题】

2009年 第1篇

Questions 1-10. Read the following poem carefully before you choose your answers.

Patty's Charcoal Drive-in

1       First job. In tight black shorts
         and a white bowling shirt, red lipstick
         and bouncing pony tail, I present
         each overflowing tray as if it were a banquet.
5       I'm sixteen and college-bound,
         this job's temporary as the summer sun,
         but right now, it's the boundaries of my life.
         After the first few nights of mixed orders
         and missing cars, the work goes easily.
10     I take out the silver trays and hook them to the windows,
         inhale the mingled smells of seared meat patties,
         salty ketchup, rich sweet malteds.
         The lure of grease drifts through the thick night air.
         And it's always summer at Patty's Charcoal Drive-in—
15     carloads of blonde-and-tan girls
         pull up next to red convertibles,
         boys in black tee shirts and slick hair.
         Everyone knows what they want.
         And I wait on them, hoping for tips,
20     loose pieces of silver
         flung carelessly as the stars.
         Doo-wop music streams from the jukebox
         and each night repeats itself,
         faithful as a steady date.
25     Towards 10 P.M., traffic dwindles.
         We police the lot, pick up wrappers.
         The dark pours down, sticky as Coke,
         but the light from the kitchen
         gleams like a beacon.
30     A breeze comes up, chasing papers
         in the far corners of the darkened lot,
         as if suddenly a cold wind had started to blow
         straight at me from the future—
         I read that in a Doris Lessing book—
35     but right now, purse fat with tips,
         the moon sitting like a cheeseburger on a flat black grill,
         this is enough.
         Your order please.

1. The use of the present tense throughout the poem helps reinforce the speaker’s
(A) ambivalence regarding her work as a waitress
(B) surprise at the rich variety within her routine at the drive-in
(C) sense of timelessness during that summer at the drive-in
(D) failure to value other dimensions of life beyond pleasure seeking
(E) regret for the brevity of her summer job at the drive-in

2. The speaker experiences a tension primarily between
(A) the superficiality of the drive-in customers and her own sensitivity to her       environment
(B) the artificiality of the drive-in and the reality of the natural world
(C) her desire to please others and her attempt to define her own identity
(D) her satisfaction with her job at the drive-in and her undefined future life
(E) her need for money and her quest for knowledge

3. The speaker considers her work at the drive-in to be
(A) predictable and uncomplicated
(B) educational and enlightening
(C) unexpectedly demanding
(D) increasingly disagreeable
(E) genuinely amusing

4. Line 30-33 seem to suggest the
(A) possibility of an ominous change
(B) need to make serious long-term plans
(C) power of nature to disrupt idyllic scenes
(D) rapid changes in the moods of adolescents
(E) hope of a better future

5. The interjection in line 34 serves primarily to
(A) emphasize the breadth of the speaker’s reading experience
(B) foreshadow the final line of the poem
(C) comment ironically on the speaker’s prospects for the future
(D) alter the effect of the preceding image
(E) suggest that the speaker thinks too highly of herself

6. In line 36, the description of the moon helps to do which of the following?
(A) Emphasize the speaker’s sense of foreboding
(B) Link the changeable nature of the moon to that of the speaker
(C) Convey a sense of the speaker’s limitations
(D) Cause the speaker to assess how her present position is relevant to her goal of      becoming a writer
(E) Show how the speaker’s current situation influences her perception of her
     environment

7. Which of the following lines best conveys the speaker’s sense of time while at the drive-in?
(A) “I’m sixteen and college-bound” (line 5)
(B) “And I wait on them, hoping for tips” (line 19)
(C) “flung carelessly as the stars” (line 21)
(D) “and each night repeats itself” (line 23)
(E) “Towards 10 P.M., traffic dwindles” (line 25)

8. Which two lines come closest to contradicting each other?
(A) Lines 5 and 13
(B) Lines 6 and 14
(C) Lines 18 and 23
(D) Lines 19 and 38
(E) Lines 27 and 30

9. The speaker and the drive-in customers are portrayed through descriptions of their
(A) mannerisms and tones of voice
(B) attitudes toward life
(C) clothing and physical appearance
(D) relationships to material possessions
(E) tastes in music and literature

10. Which of the following literary devices is most used in the poem?
(A) Allusion
(B) Simile
(C) Synecdoche
(D) Paradox
(E) Understatement

【中文翻译】

仔细阅读下面一首诗,然后回答1-10题。

                                                    碳烤肉饼路边店

1       这是我的第一份工作,穿着紧身黑短裤和
         白色保龄球衬衫,嘴唇带着口红,
         马尾辫在脑后上下跳动,我端着
         每一盘满溢的托盘,好似在宴会上。
5       我十六岁,还在上大学,
         这个临时工作就像夏天的太阳,
         但现在,它是我人生的界限。
         头几晚,我搞混菜单,客人的车子也找不到,
         这以后的工作还进行得比较顺利。
10     我将银托盘拿出,挂在窗上,
         闻着馅饼混合着
         番茄酱和麦芽糖的味道。
         食用油的香味弥漫在浓密的夜晚空气中。
         在碳烤肉饼路边店,永远都是夏天——
15     许多金发黑皮肤的女孩开着车
         停在红色车棚旁,
         男孩们一般穿着黑色短袖,头发光滑。
         每个人都知道自己要点什么。
         我为他们服务,希望得到些小费。
20     银色餐具肆意晃动,
         就像天上的星星。
         自动唱机里每晚都重复播放着
         嘟-喔普摇滚乐,
         就像关系确定的情侣约会。
25    接近晚上十点,车辆越来越少。
         我们如警察般管理此地,捡起客人丢下的纸袋。
         夜幕笼罩,像可乐一样粘糊糊,
         而厨房的灯光
         像灯塔一般刺破黑暗。
30    一阵清风吹来,将纸袋吹到
         远处的黑暗角落里,
         好似一阵突然吹起的凉风
         从未来迎面吹向我——
         我在多丽丝·莱辛的书中读到过——
35    但是现在,我的钱包装满了小费,
         月亮好像躺在平坦黑色烤架上的干酪汉堡包,
         这就够了。
         您的订单,请。(请问您需要什么)

1. 整首诗都用了一般现在时,是为了强调说话者
(A) 当服务员的矛盾情绪
(B) 对于餐厅每天多样的情景的惊奇
(C) 那个夏天在餐厅打工时感觉不到时间的变化
(D) 对于除了快乐其他方面一事无成的失落感
(E) 对于在餐厅暑期工时间短暂的遗憾

2. 说话者在诗中表到了一种矛盾不安,这种不安来自于
(A) 餐厅顾客的肤浅和她自己对周围环境的敏感
(B) 餐厅中的虚假东西和真实的世界
(C) 他一方面渴望取悦他人,一方面又想保留自己的个性
(D) 她对于餐厅工作的满意和她那未知的未来
(E) 她对于钱的需要和她对知识的需要

3. 说话者认为自己的在餐厅的工作
(A) 可预见的,很简单
(B) 有教育意义的,启发人的
(C) 过于苛求
(D) 越来越让人不快
(E) 让人愉悦的

4. 30到33行表明
(A) 即将发生不好的变化
(B) 制定长期计划的必要性
(C) 大自然对宁静生活的破坏力
(D) 青少年情感变化的迅速
(E) 对美好未来的向往

5. 34行的破折号主要作用是
(A) 强调说话者阅读面宽
(B) 映射诗的最后一行
(C) 带有讽刺的评论说话者的未来
(D) 转变破折号前面意象效果
(E) 表明说话者过于自大

6. 36行对月亮的描述是为了
(A) 强调说话者不好的预感
(B) 讲月亮的阴晴圆缺与说话者联系起来
(C) 表达说话者的局限
(D) 引起说话者自我评价当前的工作与成为一个作家有何联系
(E) 表现了说话者情感状态影响她对周围环境的看法

7. 以下哪一句最能表现出说话者在餐厅工作时对时间的感受
(A) “我十六岁,还在上大学” (5行)
(B) “我为他们服务,希望得到些小费”(19行)
(C) “就像天上的星星” (21行)
(D) “每晚都重复播放着” (23行)
(E) “接近晚上十点,车辆越来越少” (25行)

8. 以下哪两句互相矛盾
(A) 5行和13行
(B) 6行和14行
(C) 18行和23行
(D) 19行和38行
(E) 27行和30行

9. 诗中如何描述说话者和餐厅顾客的
(A) 行为和语调
(B) 对生活的态度
(C) 衣着外表
(D) 与所拥有的物质的关系
(E) 对音乐和文学的品味

10. 诗中以下修辞手法中用得最多的
(A) 典故引用
(B) 明喻
(C) 提喻
(D) 矛盾
(E) 含蓄

【解题思路】

正确答案:

1. (C)
本题考察对诗歌的整体把握,AP 英国文学与写作科目的选择题分为整体题,细节题和专业术语题,通读整个诗歌,可以从boundaries of my life,it's always summer,each night repeats itself 中感受到说话者并不是很喜欢这个工作,而是觉得工作和无聊乏味,每天都是干一样的活,完全感受不到时间的变化。

2. (D)
本题是细节题,首先要找个表达说话者不安的地方,既然是矛盾不安,我们就要注意诗歌中的转折词——35行:but right now, purse fat with tips,转折词but表明说话者在这个地方发生了情绪的变化,but前面描写的是说话者对未来的不确定,but后面说小费满满,还是很满意,很明显答案为(D)。

3. (A)
本题考察对诗歌整体的把握,其实通过第一题就可以轻松的选出答案,说话者觉得该工作是很平凡简单的。这种情况在选择题中很常见,有多道题其实考察的一个方向,只要对诗歌的情感把握对了,很多题目都可以迎刃而解。

4. (A)
很明显这道题是细节题,与第二题类似,如果完成了第二题,这道题也可以很简单的选出来。另一方面,通过A breeze comes up, chasing papers in the far corners of the darkened lot这句, 从darkened这个单词可以看出并不是什么好的事情,也可以选出答案。

5. (D)
本题是细节题,34行紧接着后面就是but right now, purse fat with tips,其实跟第二题考察的是同一个点,破折号前面描述说话者对未来的担忧,但破折号后描述了小费给说话者带来的满足,情感大转变,只有(D)符合。

6. (E)
月亮这个意象出现在说话者情感转变之后,在这之前说话者是比较忧虑的,但是之后又很满足,the moon sitting like a cheeseburger on a flat black grill这句话中的意象跟前面的意象形成鲜明的对比,前面都是darkened lot和a cold wind,很明显(E)符合题意。

7. (D)
跟第一题考察的相同的点,见第一题的解读。

8. (B)
本题是细节题,先把每个选项都看一遍,发现6行说this job's temporary as the summer sun,暂时的夏天;而14行说And it's always summer at Patty's Charcoal Drive-in—,永远都是夏天,互相矛盾。

9. (C)
本题是细节题,诗中In tight black shorts,and a white bowling shirt,red lipstick and bouncing pony tail是对说话者外表的描述,blonde-and-tan girls,boys in black tee shirts and slick hair是对顾客外表的描述,答案为(C)。

10. (B)
本题考察专业术语,仔细阅读整首诗歌,比喻用的最多,例如:
I present each overflowing tray as if it were a banquet.
loose pieces of silver flung carelessly as the stars.
Doo-wop music streams from the jukebox..., faithful as a steady date.
The dark pours down, sticky as Coke, but the light from the kitchen gleams like a beacon.
A breeze comes up, chasing paper..., as if suddenly a cold wind...
the moon sitting like a cheeseburger on a flat black grill...
这些都是明喻,只要有as,like,as if这样的短语或者单词都是明喻。
提喻:以整体替代局部或者以局部替代整体,比如the factory needs more hands.这里的hands其实指代的是人,以局部替代整体。

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